Managing Your Airflow

Airflow Management

Managing airflow in an air cooled data center is a complex task. One has to maintain the temperature going into the servers within the recommended ASHRAE range and at the same time make sure not too much cold air is wasted, or hot spots occur at different parts of the data hall. Purkay Labs has extensive experience in how to run the data center properly. The following links will give you better insight into some of the issues revolving around airflow management.

  1. To help you stay on top of your data center's airflow management, we've put together a simple checklist of tasks that you can perform regularly. Keep Your Data Center Running Smoothly: A Simple Airflow Management Checklist — Purkay Labs

  2. Many legacy data centers need to increase their IT Load but don’t think they have enough cooling capacity. This article examines a way to free up stranded capacity using the AUDIT-BUDDY system. Optimize Your Data Center: Mastering the Art of Airflow Supply!  — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/calculatecooling

  3. Case Study: Purkay Labs was brought in to investigate a persistent temperature problem inside a newly commissioned large-scale data center. While the facility was state-of-the-art and purpose-built for high-density compute loads, the operators saw unexpected temperature alarms in one of the power rooms. Case Study: Overheating Issues in a Hyperscale Data Center PSU Room — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/calculatecooling

  4. Case Study: Purkay Labs was brought in to test the cooling efficiency of a newly commissioned single-story data center. The client wanted to know why the data hall seemed to be consuming more airflow than necessary. Case Study: When New Isn’t Efficient: Fixing Airflow Leaks in a Fresh Data Center — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/airflowissuesinnewdatacenter

Delta-T

Measuring the four Delta-Ts provides insight into the effectiveness of the airflow management of the data center. Because there are four distinct Delta- Ts they need to be looked at holistically. IT usually focuses on Server Delta-T and Facilities may zero in on CRAC/CRAH Delta-T; but the Delta-T between the Server and CRAC/CRAH return air, and CRAC/CRAH Supply to Server Inlet are equally important. The following links will give you better insight into some of the issues revolving around Delta-T Management.

  1. Many operators assume their facility is running as designed, but without measuring Delta-T, there’s no way to know for sure. Understanding the 4 Delta-Ts in Data Centers: A Complete Guide to Cooling Efficiency — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/fourdeltats

  2. What is the Server Delta-T? It is the temperature rise of the cooling air measured at the server inlet and server exhaust. That rise in temperature is a measurement of how much heat has been removed from the server.Server Delta -T and why you should care. — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/cveopcxmumzzyph9weqmcztf935a87

  3. The heart of the data center cooling system is the efficient operation of the cooling units. Their primary function is to extract heat generated by servers and provide a steady flow of cool air to the server inlets. Data Center 101: Cooling Unit Delta-T — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/craccrah-delta-t

  4. This Delta-T is a key area where improvements in efficiency can be made. Without proper airflow management, hot and cold air mix unnecessarily, reducing the effectiveness of cooling systems and increasing operational costs. Delta-T 101: Server Exhaust to CRAC/CRAH Delta-T — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/server-exhaust-to-craccrah-delta-t

  5. In this article, we’ll break down how cooling works from the supply output to the server inlet, what constitutes a good Delta-T, and how to improve efficiency by addressing common airflow issues. Delta-T 101: Supply Air to Server Inlet Delta-T — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/supply-air-to-server-inlet-delta-t

Overcooling

Are you overcooling your Data Center? It’s possible that you are and you don’t even know it. Overcooling your data center not only wastes energy, but it can also increase your operating costs and decrease the lifespan of your equipment. Here's what you need to know.

  1. Many operators believe that keeping the temps as low as possible will protect their equipment from overheating. However, this approach can actually lead to some serious complications. How to Stop Overcooling Your Data Center — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/how-to-stop-overcooling-your-data-center

  2. The amount of available air capacity is the most important metric for the multi-tenant Colocation facility. Combat Overcooling in Your Data Center with an AUDIT-BUDDY Thermal Audit — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/combat-overcooling-in-your-data-center-with-an-audit-buddy-thermal-audit

  3. This checklist serves as an initial guide to help you identify if your data center is overcooled and how to correct it. Are You Overcooling Your Data Center? Use This Checklist to Verify — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/are-you-overcooling-your-data-center-check-with-this-checklis

Containment

Containment solutions, hot or cold aisle, offer significant improvements in airflow efficiency and should be considered for deployment. Here’s what you need to know:

  1. This article is going to do a deep dive into cold aisle containment - what it is, how to manage it post-installation and what to look out for. Cold Aisle Containment Conundrum: Common Issues and Solutions — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/coldaislecontainment

  2. This article will be focusing on the hot aisle containment - what it is, how to manage it post-installation and what to look out for. Mastering the Heat: Navigating the Hot Aisle Containment — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/hotaislecontainment

  3. Containment is a widely adopted strategy to enhance cooling efficiency, but the journey doesn't end with installation. To ensure sustained effectiveness, a post-installation assessment becomes paramount. In this guide, we'll explore what to look for after implementing a cold aisle containment solution. Optimizing Containment: A Post-Installation Guide — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/containmentoptimization

  4. A case study that describes the evaluation of Cold Aisle Containment Efficiency. Case Study: Evaluating Cold Aisle Containment Efficiency — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/hfn2l1mmnrlgcvu7mcjjpaxqzhy3ey

Check out all our containment article below:

Troubleshoot Hot Spots

Hot spots can manifest themselves in specific spots in a data center for a number of reasons. As the following articles we will see they are not limited to the Data Center floor.

  1. Chances are you have felt warmer temperatures while walking the cold aisle, or had to respond to a customer complaint, or worse had to respond to equipment failures because of high temperatures. How to Respond to a Hot Spot in Your Data Center — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/how-to-respond-to-a-hot-spot-in-your-data-center

  2. Case Study: The UPS battery room looked stable, sensors showed “within range” temperatures, and airflow appeared balanced. Yet, batteries kept failing. Purkay Labs was brought in to characterize the issue using Dynamic Heat Maps—a Purkay Labs service that visualizes how temperature changes over time, rather than just a static snapshot.Finding the Hot Spot: How Dynamic Heat Maps Helped Solve UPS Battery Failures — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/upsbatteryfailure

  3. Case Study: Despite being a newly commissioned site, the system was struggling to maintain proper cooling — and the root cause wasn’t clear. The client called Purkay Labs to independently assess the airflow around the affected chiller and provide insight into what was going wrong. Case Study: Troubleshooting Rooftop Chiller Issues — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/case-study-troubleshooting-rooftop-chiller-issues

  4. Case Study: A Tier IV Colocation provider in Santa Clara, CA, faced a significant challenge when a tenant installed multiple high-flow tiles, raising concerns about running out of cooling reserves. Case Study: Resolving SLA Cooling Dispute — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/resolvingsladebate-25taj

Check out all our troubleshoot article below:

Uniformity

The Uniformity Metric is a simple waygauge cooling efficiency in your aisle. There are a number of “things” that can alter the uniform temperature across the vertical plane of the cold aisle; such as missing blanking plates, bypass air, and recirculating air. The Uniformity Metric is a tool to measure the cold aisle and identify potential issues.

  1. The Uniformity Metric is a simple way to gauge cooling efficiency in your aisle. Precision in Every Pixel: Introducing the Uniformity Evaluation Metric — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/whatisuniformitymetric

  2. A deep dive into the Uniformity Metric. Deep Dive into the Uniformity Metric — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/uniformitymetricexplained

  3. Case Study: A Colocation provider managing a 40,000+ square foot facility planned to implement a cold aisle containment solution to enhance cooling efficiency. Before proceeding, the client sought to conduct a comprehensive before-and-after thermal survey to assess the impact of the containment on the facility's environmental uniformity. Purkay Labs' Thermal Survey Service was employed to execute this evaluation, utilizing their unique Uniformity Metric to analyze temperature variations across the data center. Case Study: Evaluating Cold Aisle Containment Efficiency — Purkay Labs; http://purkaylabs.com/news/hfn2l1mmnrlgcvu7mcjjpaxqzhy3ey

Check out all our uniformity articles below:

Get the Most from Your Infrastructure

Although servers and white space are central to a data center, the supporting infrastructure is equally essential. Attention must be given to the Electrical Distribution System, Battery and UPS Rooms, Rooftop Chillers, and other components that ensure reliable operation of the Data Center. The sections below focus on each crucial aspect of this infrastructure, all of which contribute to a fully functional Data Center.

Preventative Maintenance

Regular infrastructure maintenance is crucial for ensuring data center availability. Although data centers operate year-round, all mechanical systems should undergo at least annual upkeep. Establishing a clear MOP for each component supports successful operations. The following articles in our knowledge base address key aspects of periodic data center maintenance.

1.     A simple checklist to organize your Maintenance within the data center  

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/are-you-overcooling-your-data-center-check-with-this-checklist-x553k-7a7xp

2.   A list to initiate your HVAC -   

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/hvacmainain

3.     How to use Thermal Assessment as an integral part of your Preventative Maintenance Regimen

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/howimportantispreventativemaintenance

4.      Using Thermal Audits as a Preventative Maintenance tool

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/why-thermal-audits-of-data-centers-should-be-a-standard-preventative-maintenance-activity

Check out all our preventative articles below:

Chiller Plant

Chillers, often overlooked in maintenance, are vital for removing heat from data centers. To reduce water usage, many facilities now use air-cooled chillers, which require precise architectural planning to ensure effective heat removal. The articles below highlight common issues with poorly designed air-cooled chillers.

1.     A case study where a recirculation problem was present in the architecture of a building using Roof Top Chiller

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/case-study-troubleshooting-rooftop-chiller-issues


2.       Insuring that the Chiller Plant air flow is correct using measurement techniques 

The Cascading impact of Recirculated Air at the Chillers 7/15/2024

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/the-cascading-impact-of-recirculated-air-at-the-chillers

Check out all our articles on Chiller Plants below:

Efficiency

Efficiency remains a central principle for data center professionals. Given the growing importance of minimizing the carbon footprint associated with data center energy usage, enhancing efficiency has become a primary objective. Optimizing Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) by reducing non-computational energy consumption is a key responsibility for data center managers. The articles below outline several methods for increasing efficiency in air-cooled data centers, all of which focus on improving air cooling performance.

1.      Easy hitters to improve efficiency immediately 

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/5-quick-wins-for-immediate-cooling-efficiency

2.       Using simple measurement to find improvement opportunities to improve efficiency

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/changetosupplytempcontrol-ka7fl

3.       Popular misconceptions in air flow management in a data center and what to do about it

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/debunking-common-myths-about-data-center-cooling

4.      A thermal survey is a low hanging fruit in finding opportunities for improvement of cooling efficiency in a data center

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/5o23ob6e9rmkg3g2aq5ov1dttjl1re

Check out all our articles on efficiency below:

Resiliency

Data Center professionals often struggle to determine if their current infrastructure can handle unexpected cooling system failures. While this concern is typically addressed in the initial design phase, ongoing modifications and expansions make it increasingly difficult to provide a confident answer over time. Purkay Labs has introduced an innovative method for assessing the available margin within the cooling system. The following articles delve deeper into this distinctive evaluation technique.

Case Study in determining reserve cooling capacity in an operational data center

Testing Cooling System Resiliency in a Live Data Center 12/4/2024

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2.      A simple planning exercise to conduct resiliency planning for a data center

 How What If Turns into Resiliency Planning 8/30/2004

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3.     A targeted approach in using operational data to improve Data Center Resiliency

  Using Machine Learning to Protect Your Data Center from Future Thermal Runaway Situations 10/13/2024

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/machinelearningcooling

 

Check out all our articles on resiliency below:

Operations

Data Center professionals are responsible for managing a wide range of complex tasks that can change daily. One key responsibility is the efficient management of air flow within the facility. Maintaining a clear and unambiguous Method of Procedure (MOP) is essential for effective data center operations. The Purkay Labs knowledge base offers guidance on managing airflow through the following articles.

1.      Simple steps in establishing a path to cooling efficiency

 Data Center Operators Playbook 4/8/2024

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/datacenterplaybook

2.      How having the data allow increasing overall cold aisle temperature without compromising reliability or availability

 Case Study: Safely Increase Set-Points in a Hyperscale Environment 5/26/2022

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3.      Simple checklist in evaluating cooling cost in an operational data center

 The Cost of Cooling: How to Budget Smartly for Your Data Center 10/21/2024

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http://purkaylabs.com/news/costofcooling

Check out all our articles on operations below: